how to make iron and steel?
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Naturally there is iron and steel. We are making iron and steel. we can get iron Naturally in the form of iron oxides with lots of gangue material. We can't convert this iron oxide directly to steel. So first we are eliminating oxygen from ore which is known as iron making and then we are removing iRead more
Naturally there is iron and steel. We are making iron and steel. we can get iron Naturally in the form of iron oxides with lots of gangue material. We can’t convert this iron oxide directly to steel. So first we are eliminating oxygen from ore which is known as iron making and then we are removing impurities by selective oxidation process which is known as steel making. how to make means by reduction process we will make iron (with approx 4.5%C) and by selective oxidation process we can make steel making.
See lessSteel: We make by decreasing carbon content in Pig iron from 4-5 wt% to less than 2 wt% Iron: Pure iron making is difficult but we can make it with purification techniques like VOD, then removing Mn, Si, etc from steel.
Steel: We make by decreasing carbon content in Pig iron from 4-5 wt% to less than 2 wt%
Iron: Pure iron making is difficult but we can make it with purification techniques like VOD, then removing Mn, Si, etc from steel.
See lessPART 1 : IRON MAKING Before making steel we need to produce iron. Iron is mainly produced by smelting of the iron ore along with coal as a reducing agent in a counter current furnace called BLAST FURNACE. Some flux like dolomite is also added to the blast furnace for collecting the impurities in theRead more
PART 1 : IRON MAKING
Before making steel we need to produce iron. Iron is mainly produced by smelting of the iron ore along with coal as a reducing agent in a counter current furnace called BLAST FURNACE. Some flux like dolomite is also added to the blast furnace for collecting the impurities in the form of slag.
Hematite is the ore of iron that is most commonly used in the blast furnace. Coke, which is a product we get after carbonization of the coal is used as the reducing agent. The product of the blast furnace is called hot metal and it contains 3.5 to 4.2 wt%C along with some other impurities like silicon, phosphorous, Sulphur etc. This hot metal is used in the BOF for producing steel.
The process of iron making is a reducing process whereas steel making is an oxidation process
See lessPART 2 : STEEL MAKING The various steel making routes are , Blast furnace - Basic oxygen furnace route : it uses hot metal form the blast furnace as the raw material. Oxygen is injected into the BOF by the help of a lance so that the impurities get oxidized and form slag. DRI - EAF route : DRI stanRead more
PART 2 : STEEL MAKING
The various steel making routes are ,
- Blast furnace – Basic oxygen furnace route : it uses hot metal form the blast furnace as the raw material. Oxygen is injected into the BOF by the help of a lance so that the impurities get oxidized and form slag.
- DRI – EAF route : DRI stands for direct reduced iron. It is also called sponge iron. The sponge iron are produced in rotary kiln or shaft furnace. Non coking coal can be used in producing sponge iron. EAF stands for electric arc furnace, the primary raw material to the EAF is the sponge iron but some amount of hot metal may also be used along with the DRI charge.
- SMELTING REDUCTION PROCESS : example COREX , FINEX etc.
See lessELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
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