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Asked: June 24, 20212021-06-24T20:44:42+05:30 2021-06-24T20:44:42+05:30In: Physical Metallurgy & Heat treatment

What are the different stages of tempering and what are their products?

What are the different stages of tempering and what are their products?
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    1. Rohit.km Platinum Gate aspirant.
      2021-07-03T16:21:10+05:30Added an answer on July 3, 2021 at 4:21 pm

      Tempering is usually categorised into 4 stages. Stage 1: Temp usually till 100-150°C: In this usually the stress relieving occurs, by some dislocations rearrangements, or C atoms shifting towrds the dislocation sites and sitting there. Stage 2: Between 150-250°C: This stage formation of Epsilon CarbRead more

      Tempering is usually categorised into 4 stages.
      Stage 1: Temp usually till 100-150°C: In this usually the stress relieving occurs, by some dislocations rearrangements, or C atoms shifting towrds the dislocation sites and sitting there.
      Stage 2: Between 150-250°C:
      This stage formation of Epsilon Carbides occurs, as T is increased C atoms trapped in martensitic sites, diffusion becomes easier and they start escaping; formation of these carbides are easier.
      Stage 3: Between 250-350°C
      In this stage , as the temperature increase martensites convert into ferrite and small cementite. Also, retained austenite convert into lower bainites in some cases.
      Stage 4: between 350-700°C
      Due to prolong heating cementite starts growing as more C diffuses and also reduction in surface energy causes it’s spheroidisation. so final we get equiaxed ferrites and coarse globules cementite
      Bonus point:
      In industrial tempering two important products can be observed:
      *Toorsite- at temp 350-500°C: very fine globular pearlite.
      *Sorbite- at temp 500-650°C- finer globular pearlites.
      Note: The temperature ranges may differ depending on different sources.

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    2. sp345
      2021-06-26T01:43:36+05:30Added an answer on June 26, 2021 at 1:43 am

      tempering results in the precipitation of epslion carbide Fe2.2C

      tempering results in the precipitation of epslion carbide Fe2.2C

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